Piston ring fracture is a common way to damage piston rings. Most of first and second piston rings are more likely to break, and there are more broken parts near joint. Piston rings may be broken into several pieces, or may be crushed or even missing.
Will a cylinder explode if a piston oil scraper ring breaks?
A broken piston ring increases cylinder wear, pulls cylinder liner, burns engine oil, and causes abnormal engine noise. In addition, a broken ring can enter exhaust pipe or scavenge air. box, or even blew turbocharger's turbocharger. Bad turbine blades, resulting in serious engine damage.
The following editor will help you understand what causes a broken piston ring
Common causes of broken piston rings:
There are many reasons for a broken piston ring. In addition to material defects and poor workmanship, this is mainly caused by poor maintenance management and poor build quality during use.
Causes of broken piston rings 1. The gap between turns is too small
When overlap gap is smaller than assembly gap, temperature of piston ring will rise during operation so that there is no room for metal expansion at overlap location and two ends of overlap bend upward. and break near the knees.
Causes of destruction of piston ring 2. Carbon deposits in ring groove
There is too much carbon build up in piston ring groove, and carbon deposits reach flash point at high temperature, which increases ring fatigue.
Poor combustion, overheating of cylinder wall causing oxidation or burning of lubricating oil will result in severe carbon deposits in cylinder. With strong soot, movement of ring is blocked, ring and cylinder wall have a strong impact, scraped lubricating oil and metal chips are mixed, and on lower end surface of annular groove under effect of leakage gas. There are local hard deposits under piston ring, and upper part is subjected to intermittent gas pressure, which leads to piston ring rupture due to bending fatigue.
Causes of broken piston rings third: grinding table for cylinder liners
Low oil pressure causes dry friction of piston ring
Continued relative movement between piston assembly and cylinder liner wears cylinder liner and creates a grinding table on top of cylinder liner. When piston reaches top dead center, first piston ring hits grinding table, hits and breaks.
The fourth cause of piston ring failure: Excessive ring groove wear
Lower end face of annular groove is sloped (funnel-shaped) after excessive wear. When piston is near top dead center, gas pressure forces ring against lower end surface of oblique annular groove, piston ring twists and deforms, and piston annular groove wears excessively and breaks due to fatigue.
Fifth cause of piston ring failure: Piston ring hanging from air passage
In an engine, piston ring is often brushed against, and exhaust port causes ring to break. Since stress in opening of piston ring is largest, thermal deformation is large, and ribs between air holes on cylinder liner are easily deformed when heated. When piston moves, ring meets air hole. as long as hole of ring slightly hooks air port, ring will break.
The sixth cause of piston ring failure: radial expansion and contraction of piston ring, fatigue
When elasticity of piston ring is insufficient or cylinder liner is excessively worn, piston ring cannot be in close contact with cylinder wall, that is, tightness cannot be maintained, so that high pressure gas leaks. and presses ring into annular groove. When piston descends, gas pressure in cylinder decreases, and piston ring is pushed out of annular groove, and piston ring continuously expands and contracts in radial direction, resulting in fatigue and failure.
Causes of broken piston ring 7. Excessive wear of piston ring makes strength of ring inadequate and ring breaks
Existing piston ring materials are mainly brittle materials such as gray cast iron, alloy cast iron and nodular cast iron, and during casting process, pores, cracks or segregation of composition may appear in internal structure, resulting in a decrease in local strength or stress concentrations in crack Cause impact failure or fatigue failure.
Causes of destruction of piston ring 8. Strong wear of cylinder liner
The engine oil lubrication of cylinder wall is damaged, first ring is especially poorly lubricated, and it still works at high temperatures.
Shoulders occur due to stepped wear at top and bottom dead centers, as well as severe wear on big end of connecting rod, or a change in original position of dead center after bearing repair at large and small ends. connecting rod, it will be caused by inertia force. Hit the broken ring.
Causes of broken piston rings ninth: coordination of lubricating oil and fuel
Based on an analysis of nature of fuel, some fuels contain high levels of sulfur, such as Rayleigh 1000s fuel. Consequently, more SO2 and SO3 are produced when fuel is burned. However, SO2 and SO3 are gaseous at high temperatures and direct contact with metals causes gas corrosion. And they contribute to hardening of soot and colloidal deposits, increasing wear of cylinder liners and piston rings. According to requirements, when diesel engine is running on fuel with high sulfur content, a strong or highly alkaline special lubricating oil should be used. If main engine does not use cylinder oil that matches fuel, or replaces cylinder oil with engine oil during operation. Thus, ability of lubricating oil to neutralize acid generated during combustion is reduced, as a result of which acidic substances cause more serious corrosion of piston and piston ring, which leads to frequent piston ring breakage.
Ten Causes of Broken Piston Rings
The engine temperature is too high and cooling water is suddenly added before temperature drops, which can easily break piston ring.
Eleven Causes of Broken Piston Rings
The quality of piston ring is poor, piston ring is too narrow and cannot withstand effects of gas and vibration of cylinder wall.
Automotive Maintenance Technology Network qcwxjs.comWhat should I do if a piston ring breaks? Emergency treatment method:
Piston ring failure mainly occurs on upper piston ring, which is often subjected to high temperature and high pressure, especially when cylinder surface is worn. If ring breaks during operation, broken ring will scratch inner surface of cylinder and create noise, or bottom of cylinder will overheat due to gas leakage and then leak into crankcase, creating a large amount of oil mist.
On other hand, after a broken piston ring, compression pressure is also reduced, resulting in poor combustion and black smoke from exhaust.
If piston ring is suddenly broken, stop machine immediately and replace piston ring with cylinder to ensure cylinder is sealed. If current situation does not allow to park crane cylinder or there is no spare part, you should reduce speed, reduce amount of fuel injection into cylinder or stop fuel supply, and also ensure that faulty cylinder is well lubricated, increase fuel supply. set an appropriate advance angle and change it with light oil at start up. Pay special attention to whether there is any abnormal sound in ring cylinder, so that diesel engine can run safely and arrive at port for repair. If piston ring is constantly breaking, insert ring into ring groove, rock it up and down slightly while turning it, and check gap between ring and ring groove. Polish heavily worn grooves, replace rings with thicker ones, or replace pistons.
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